Effect Of Heat On Availability Of Lysine In Blood Meal
Nowadays, recycling organic wastes for commercial production is the trend but not a new idea. It was been in the history since 1918. One of it is the blood meal. The blood meal is blood collected in conjunction with the slaughtering of animals and subsequently used as a supplemental protein source for livestock. Normally it is dried and made into blood meal so that it can be handled and incorporated into rations more easily. But the effect of heat on availability of lysine in blood meal will make the lysine as an animal protein sources to be poor in amino acid.
But a good news for plant lovers. The effect of heat on availability of lysine in blood meal for plants may be very helpful. Because the lysine level in the blood meal is relatively high (7-8 %), which makes it an excellent supplemental protein source to use with plant derived feed ingredients that are low in lysine. Although effect of heat on availability of lysine in blood meal during the drying process can dramatically reduce its available lysine content, but enough heat needs to be applied to destroy the pathogenic organisms. Protein solubility is a good simple indicator of protein and amino acid availability.
The blood represents approximately three percent of total live weight; loss during slaughter can reduce the total amount saved to less than one percent. Fresh blood contains approximately twenty percent dry matter of which eighty percent is crude protein; the essential amino acids like lysine is between seven and eight percent. Blood meal produced by conventional vat cooking and drying processes has been found to be of limited use in pig rations because of poor palatability and the low availability of lysine. Really the effect of heat on availability of lysine in blood meal reduces the blood meals’ effectiveness in lysine contents. However, blood meals for pigs, ducks, tilapia (an Asian fish which can be fed by fish meal too) are still in use because of the concentration of isoleucine that remains a limiting factor; with proper supplementation flash-dried blood meal can be used at a level of 5-6% for adult and growing/finishing animals. The effect of heat on availability of lysine in blood meal limits amino acid in blood meal; therefore it should be combined with other supplemental protein sources in order to provide a balanced amino acid profile.